MongoDB::command
(PECL mongo >=0.9.2)
MongoDB::command — 执行一条 Mongo 指令
说明
$command
[, array $options
= array()
] ) : array几乎所有不属于CRUD操作的事情都可以通过一条“数据库指令”完成。需要知道数据库的版本?有一条指令可以实现。需要进行一次聚合?有一条指令可以实现。想要提高日志级别?有一条指令可以实现。我想你已经领会到了。
该方法等同于:
<?php
public function command($data) {
return $this->selectCollection('$cmd')->findOne($data);
}
?>
参数
-
command
-
要发送的指令
-
options
-
该参数是一个具有以下形式的关联数组: array("optionname" => <boolean>, ...),现在支持的选项有:
"timeout"
Integer, defaults to MongoCursor::$timeout. If "safe" is set, this sets how long (in milliseconds) for the client to wait for a database response. If the database does not respond within the timeout period, a MongoCursorTimeoutException will be thrown.
更新日志
版本 | 说明 |
---|---|
1.2.0 | 添加 options 参数,和一个选项:"timeout"。 |
返回值
返回数据库响应。每个响应都不会超过一个文档的大小,也就是不会超过16MB。 结果文档的结构与执行的指令有关,但大部分结果都有 ok 字段来表示成功还是失败。以及 results 字段包含一个结果文档数组。
范例
Example #1 MongoDB::command() "distinct"实例
查找一个键的所有不重复值
<?php
$people = $db->people;
$people->insert(array("name" => "Joe", "age" => 4));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Sally", "age" => 22));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Dave", "age" => 22));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Molly", "age" => 87));
$ages = $db->command(array("distinct" => "people", "key" => "age"));
foreach ($ages['values'] as $age) {
echo "$age\n";
}
?>
以上例程的输出类似于:
4
22
87
Example #2 MongoDB::command() "distinct"实例
查找一个键的所有不重复值,并且这些值大于等于18
<?php
$people = $db->people;
$people->insert(array("name" => "Joe", "age" => 4));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Sally", "age" => 22));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Dave", "age" => 22));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Molly", "age" => 87));
$ages = $db->command(
array(
"distinct" => "people",
"key" => "age",
"query" => array("age" => array('$gte' => 18))
)
);
foreach ($ages['values'] as $age) {
echo "$age\n";
}
?>
以上例程的输出类似于:
22
87
Example #3 MongoDB::command() MapReduce实例
获取所有有type=sale这样的"event"的用户,以及他们分别有几个这样的"event"(注:此处的event是一个集合的名字)
<?php
// sample event document
$events->insert(array("user_id" => $id,
"type" => $type,
"time" => new MongoDate(),
"desc" => $description));
// construct map and reduce functions
$map = new MongoCode("function() { emit(this.user_id,1); }");
$reduce = new MongoCode("function(k, vals) { ".
"var sum = 0;".
"for (var i in vals) {".
"sum += vals[i];".
"}".
"return sum; }");
$sales = $db->command(array(
"mapreduce" => "events",
"map" => $map,
"reduce" => $reduce,
"query" => array("type" => "sale"),
"out" => array("merge" => "eventCounts")));
$users = $db->selectCollection($sales['result'])->find();
foreach ($users as $user) {
echo "{$user['_id']} had {$user['value']} sale(s).\n";
}
?>
以上例程的输出类似于:
User 47cc67093475061e3d9536d2 had 3 sale(s).
User 49902cde5162504500b45c2c had 14 sale(s).
User 4af467e4fd543cce7b0ea8e2 had 1 sale(s).
Note: 使用 MongoCode
这个例子使用了 MongoCode,它还可以接受一个作用域参数。然而,现在 MongoDB 还不支持在 MapReduce 中使用它, 如果你需要在MapReduce函数里用一个客户端参数,那么你可以在使用MapReduce的时候用“optional scope”字段把它们添加到全局作用域中,参考 » MapReduce文档 来获得更多信息。
Note: out 参数
1.8.0以前,out 参数是可选的,如果你不使用它,MapReduce的结果将被写入一个临时集合里,这个临时集合会在连接关闭后删除。 1.8.0以后,out 参数是必须的,参考 » MapReduce documentation 来获得更多信息。
Example #4 MongoDB::command() "textSearch"实例
在MongoDB 2.4以上版本中使用全文检索功能(之前的版本不支持全文检索)。
<?php
$m = new MongoClient();
$d = $m->demo;
$c = $d->planets;
$c->insert(array("name" => "Mercury", "desc" => "Mercury is the smallest and closest to the Sun"));
$c->insert(array("name" => "Venus", "desc" => "Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days."));
$c->insert(array("name" => "Earth", "desc" => "Earth is the the densest of the eight planets in the Solar System."));
$c->insert(array("name" => "Mars", "desc" => "Mars is named after the Roman god of war."));
$c->ensureIndex(array('desc' => 'text'));
$r = $d->command(array("text" => "planets", 'search' => "sun" ));
print_r($r);
?>
以上例程的输出类似于:
Array
(
[queryDebugString] => sun||||||
[language] => english
[results] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[score] => 0.625
[obj] => Array
(
[_id] => MongoId Object
(
[$id] => 517549d944670a4a5cb3059a
)
[name] => Mercury
[desc] => Mercury is the smallest and closest to the Sun
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[score] => 0.55
[obj] => Array
(
[_id] => MongoId Object
(
[$id] => 517549d944670a4a5cb3059b
)
[name] => Venus
[desc] => Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days.
)
)
)
[stats] => Array
(
[nscanned] => 2
[nscannedObjects] => 0
[n] => 2
[nfound] => 2
[timeMicros] => 95
)
[ok] => 1
)
Example #5 MongoDB::command() "geoNear"实例
这个实例说明了如何使用 geoNear 指令。
<?php
$m = new MongoClient();
$d = $m->demo;
$c = $d->poiConcat;
$r = $d->command(array(
'geoNear' => "poiConcat", // 在 poiConcat 集合中
'near' => array(-0.08, 51.48), // 搜索 51.48°N, 0.08°E 附近
'spherical' => true, // 启用特殊搜索
'num' => 5, // 最多返回5个文档
));
print_r($r);
?>
参见
- MongoCollection::aggregate() - Perform an aggregation using the aggregation framework
- MongoCollection::findAndModify() - Update a document and return it
- MongoCollection::group() - Performs an operation similar to SQL's GROUP BY command
MongoDB 核心文档的 » 数据库指令 ,以及这些特定指令的文档 » findAndModify、 » getLastError、 » repairDatabase (还有很多其他指令,这只是一些例子)

User Contributed Notes 5 notes
rename a collection:
<?php
$m = new Mongo();
$adminDB = $m->admin; //require admin priviledge
//rename collection 'colA' in db 'yourdbA' to collection 'colB' in another db 'yourdbB'
$res = $adminDB->command(array(
"renameCollection" => "yourdbA.colA",
"to" => "yourdbB.colB"
));
var_dump($res);
?>
> Need to know the database version? There's a command for that.
We didn't find it - ended up using either;
<?php
$m = new Mongo();
$adminDB = $m->admin; //require admin priviledge
$mongodb_info = $adminDB->command(array('buildinfo'=>true));
$mongodb_version = $mongodb_info['version'];
print_r($mongodb_info);
?>
or
<?php
$v = `mongo --version`;
print_r($v);
?>
Command of Mongo 2.4 Text Search feature.
<?php
$result = $db->command(
array(
'text' => 'bar', //this is the name of the collection where we are searching
'search' => 'hotel', //the string to search
'limit' => 5, //the number of results, by default is 1000
'project' => Array( //the fields to retrieve from db
'title' => 1
)
)
);
I tried to write MapReduce. Unfortunately, out => array('replace' => 'collName') did not work for me. Instead, the below code works
<?php
$mongo->command(array(
'mapreduce' => 'events',
'map' => $map,
'reduce' => $reduce,
'out' => 'mapReduceEventStats'
));
?>
$db=new new Mongo();
Copy old_db to new_db
$responseCopy = $db->admin->command(array(
'copydb' => 1,
'fromhost' => 'localhost',
'fromdb' => 'old_db',
'todb' =>'new_db'
));
Now drop old_db
if($responseCopy['ok']==1){
$responseDrop=$db->old_db->command(array('dropDatabase' => 1));
//OR
$responseDrop =$db->old_db->drop();
}
Show Output
print_r($responseCopy);
print_r($responseDrop);
Output will be something like this
Array ( [ok] => 1 )
Array ( [dropped] => old_db [ok] => 1 )